Drivers do not charge where planners expect them to. Field observation changes the map considerably.
Charging infrastructure is often planned around trip modelling, where vehicles travel and therefore where they must need energy. Observation of two- and three-wheeler operators in Delhi NCR suggests something more mundane: drivers charge where they already stop, and they stop where they eat, wait for fares, or sleep.
That reframes siting from a network-coverage problem into a dwell-time problem. A charger placed at a location with forty minutes of natural dwell will out-utilise a technically better-positioned charger with five.
It also changes the power specification. Where dwell time is long, slower and far cheaper chargers serve the same number of vehicles per day as fast chargers, and put considerably less stress on the local distribution network.
